If the growth of the motor is the same for both ends, the result will be a change in the offset alignment of 4. The most secure digital platform to get legally binding, electronically signed documents in just a few seconds. Most pump manufacturers and repairers recommend that when repairing damaged pumps, bearings should always be replaced irrespective of apparent condition, since it is easy to miss minor damage to the. Machine alignment for maintenance personnel in drinking water and wastewater facilities. Fill out, securely sign, print or email your pump alignment form instantly with signnow. The computer then makes recommendations for adjustments. Motor and pump alignment align the pumpmotor coupling to allow for efficient torque transfer to the pump. Motorpump alignment is the process of aligning shaft centerlines between a motor and a pump. This is probably the most common configuration of coupled machines in industry. Above thirtyhorse power 22 kw you hang the pump on the motor. Benefits, methods of proper pump to motor alignment.
When the shaft of two rotator machines are directly coupled via a flexible. Shaft misalignment is responsible for as much as 50 percent of all costs related to rotating machinery breakdowns. Laser alignment system shaft alignment tool tksa 41 skf. Achieving proper alignment, however, involves much more than merely adjustment the machines so that the shafts are coaxial. Correcting misalignments requires repositioning the pump or the motor so that the centerlines of their shafts line up properly. The alignment of the pump shaft to the drive shaft of the motor, gear, or engine driving the pump is called shaft alignment.
Stan shows you how to perform an alignment in just one or two moves using dial. Start a free trial now to save yourself time and money. Then slip it out and flop the tool over, then place the tool on the pump drive and rotate it. When the shaft of two rotator machines are directly coupled via a flexible coupling, any misalignment between their centerlines of rotation can result in vibration. The importance of motor shaft alignment department of energy. Installation, operation, and maintenance manual goulds pumps. A practical guide to pulley alignment plant services. Shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. Assume you have a large machine such as a diesel engine, running at 1,200. The original function of a flexible coupling was to accommodate the small amounts of shaft misalignment remaining after the completion of a shaft alignment using a straight edge or feeler gauges. Pump is a mechanical device that converts mechanical torque into hydraulic energy. Over the past twenty years, the application of hydraulics in agricultural, construction and materials handling vehicles has.
The book is reference material on rotating machinery basics, pump overhaul, mechanical seals, basic vibration, and shaft alignment. The motor is the prime mover, transferring power to the pump by. A centrifugal pump is one the simplest pieces of equipment in any process plant. You make calculations to see how far the driver must be moved to align the centerline of the pump to the. Empowering pumps is the information and connection hub for the global pump industry.
Machine type pump motor vertical angle horizontal angle horizontal offset thermal compensation stationary s machine movable m machine vertical offset offset 2. A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment and millions of other books are available for amazon kindle. Machinery alignment tolerance tables impact engineering. Once the pump set has been properly installed, the final alignment can be checked and, if necessary, corrected. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. Proper alignment of rotating equipment has a long been recognized as a prerequisite to safe, reliable operation. Laser alignment is an essential component of a viable maintenance. Alignment accuracy is critical to pump and driver longevity as stated above, and generally the better the alignment the longer the pump and driver bearing life. Pump alignment form fill out and sign printable pdf. Cons cost by far the most expensive of methods available. Its purpose is to convert energy of prime mover an electric motor or turbine first into velocity or kinetic energy and. The primary reasons why machinery is misaligned is lack of proper training, improper tools to do the job, and that people are not given enough time to do it right. The laser shaft alignment system with enhanced measuring and reporting the tksa 41 is an advanced laser alignment solution for achieving accurate shaft alignments. Up to about thirtyhorse power 22 kw you hang the motor on the pump.
This section shows the recommended preliminary cold settings for electric motordriven pumps. If your motor does not have a c or d end bell, one can be. Motorpump equipment reference data equipment number. The motor is the prime mover, transferring power to the pump by the use of a coupling. It simply facilitates movement of fluids from one place to another using suction or pressure or both. If a manufacturer of a machine or coupling require tighter alignment tolerances, those should be used.
Motors, on the other hand, are electromechanical devices that are used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The shafts of the pump and drive unit must be closely aligned. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and. The adapter solves the problem of there is no time to do an alignment. Difference between pump and motor difference between. The alignment of the pump flanges to the connecting piping is called flange alignment. In fact, virtually all modern vehicles use fluid power, and new vehicles and markets are appearing as. Longcoupled pumps have separate pump and motor shafts that are connected through a coupler. In addition to belt wear, the pulleys, bearings and seals can all be damaged by inattention to basic installation requirements.
Alignment report hung seng huat engineering product co. Therefore, less accurate methods can be used at slower shaft speed. For maintenance personnel in drinking water and wastewater. Obviously realignment is needed whenever the pump or motor are moved or replaced. X motor condition check the condition of the motor through temperature or vibration. Machinery alignment tolerance tables the suggested alignment tolerances shown here are general values based upon experience and general industry standards and should not be exceeded. If the internal alignment is not correct, the external alignment will not matter. Avace mafactri office the importance of motor shaft alignment the objective of optimized shaft alignment is to increase the operating life span of rotating machinery. In addition to alignment quality and repeatability problems, it can cause of machinery vibration, reduce life in electric motors, and cause internal clearance problems. For example, the only correct way to express shaftalignment tolerances is in terms of alignment conditions at the coupling, and we will describe several ways to do this. A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment, second edition is the result of over 38 years of hard work and many thousands of hours writing, testing, retesting, and testing again the alignmentrelated formulas the author developed on his own.
For example, the only correct way to express shaftalignment tolerances is in terms of. Under the indicator position mark the point that is 12 the indicator reading. Figure 1 shows the best alignment that can expect from the three most prevalent alignment methods practiced in the industrial, worldwide. If the pump or motor is damaged or leaking, electric shock, fire, explosion. It is sure to be valuable to novices and professionals alike. Proper alignment of the pump shaft with the driver can reduce vibration and significantly improve reliability. The main purpose of shaft alignment is to make sure that the center line of the motor rotor shaft coincides with the center line of the driven machinery i.
A simple and effective procedure for doing shaft alignment of rotating machinery. Soft foot is a common issue when aligning rotating equipment. To achieve this goal, components that are the most likely to fail must be made to operate within their acceptable design limits. It is a major cause of repeatability problems with shaft alignment measurements, whether using dial indicators or a laser alignment system. Our vision is to build a digital community through websites, enewsletters, and social media channels that allows pump industry professionals to exchange ideas, news stories, product information, case studies, videos, event information and more. Shaft alignment training with vibralign professional trainer stan riddle. X check bearings inspect bearings and drive belts for wear. With two wireless measurement units, large sized detectors and powerful lasers, the instrument performs precise measurements in even the most challenging conditions. Alignment is important, but we can get away with the least accurate method. Pump alignment report format free download as word doc. Soft foot is one of the most prevalent conditions found in rotating machinery.
With the coupling broken, mount the fixture to the stationary shaft or coupling hub. These indicator readings mean that you need to move the motor. Laser alignmentthis method uses lasers to determine the relative shaft positions. If the front foot of the motor is left 2 mils high and the back feet are left 2 mils low, the shaft alignment results will be as follows. Pdf basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin.
This condition, if not corrected, makes an alignment job much more difficult and sometimes impossible. If the pumpmotor is damaged or leaking, do not operate as it may cause an electric shock, fire, explosion, liberation of toxic fumes, physical harm, or environmental damage. This will show you how much you need to move the motor for horizontal alignment. Checking alignment with laser measurement equipment correcting misalignment. Pumps need to be sized based on pressure, flowrate and head. The speed of use and the precision in alignment means that investing in a laser based shaft alignment system usually pays for itself within 36 months. If, on the other hand, you update your knowledge of shaftalignment techniques and acceptable alignment tolerances, you might be on the way to becoming more reliabilityfocused. Useful operating life can be reduced by as much 80% by poor pulley alignment. A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment 1st edition by tom harlon author 3. In isolation each strategy can help to reduce unexpected machine failure. A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment by tommy b. Proper alignment is the largest factor in determining the life of bearings, seals and couplings. Produce pdf reports directly from the display unit and. A typical pump in an hvac application requires a fourpole motor 1,750 to 1,800 rpm, depending on slip.
Since pumps are usually attached to piping systems, its usually easier to move the motor. For appropriate applications, the time, expertise and instruments needed to achieve precision alignment tolerances of less than 0. X check mountings check and secure all pump mountings. Alignment of pulleys and sheaves and loose or over tight belts are killers of flexible belt drives. While misalignment has no measurable effect on motor efficiency, correct shaft alignment ensures the smooth, efficient transmission of power from the motor to the. A 100 hp electric motor on a 50hp load will work and run smooth and cool and only use 50 hp of energy. The alignment training is suitable for technicians undertaking machine alignment, coupling alignment, motor alignmnet, pump alignment, etc.
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